Nestled along the Rio Grande, Corrales has thrived as an agricultural hub for centuries. With fertile soil and a dry climate, it has provided the ideal conditions for farming—especially grape cultivation.
But how did this small New Mexico village develop into a winemaking region? And what lessons can today’s farmers take from its storied past?
This blog explores the history of Corrales’ vineyards, showing how winemaking shaped the community and offering valuable lessons for farmers today.
Early Roots: How Grape Growing Began in Corrales
Grapevines first arrived in Corrales in the 17th century when Spanish settlers brought their winemaking traditions to the area. Vineyards were essential for producing wine for religious ceremonies, making grape growing an important part of their culture.
Early farmers faced challenges in adapting European grape varieties to New Mexico’s dry climate and soil. Unlike the lush vineyards of Spain, Corrales had little rainfall, so settlers had to find ways to manage water wisely.
They used acequias—shared irrigation channels inspired by Native American farming techniques—to keep their vines healthy. These efforts laid the foundation for a thriving winemaking tradition in Corrales.
The Golden Era: Corrales Vineyards in the 19th Century
The 19th century was a time of growth for Corrales’ vineyards. Wine production became a key part of the local economy, and farmers improved irrigation and cultivation techniques to increase grape yields. As wine demand grew in the Southwest, winemaking became a way of life for many in the village, strengthening Corrales’ farming culture.
Behind every successful vineyard were farmers and winemakers dedicated to their craft. Many families helped establish Corrales as a well-known wine region. Some introduced new grape varieties, while others improved farming techniques. Their hard work not only improved vineyard production but also strengthened the close-knit community.
Trials and Tribulations: Challenges Faced by Early Vineyards
Corrales’ vineyards did not always have smooth sailing. In the late 19th century, farmers faced difficult conditions, including droughts and floods that made it hard to keep grapevines alive.
A major challenge came with the Phylloxera plague, a destructive vine pest that wiped out vineyards in many areas, including Corrales.
Farmers fought to save their crops, but another obstacle loomed. In the early 20th century, Prohibition outlawed wine production, forcing many vineyards to either shut down or transition to alternative crops.
Despite these setbacks, farmers found ways to adapt. Some experimented with new farming techniques, while others found creative ways to survive through difficult times.
Revival and Modernization: Vineyards in the 20th Century
The Rebirth of Viticulture
After Prohibition ended in the 1930s, Corrales began to revive its winemaking traditions. Farmers started planting vineyards again, this time using modern agricultural methods.
Advances such as mechanized farming, improved irrigation, and scientific research helped vineyards grow stronger. Agricultural programs also provided support, offering guidance to farmers looking to improve their techniques.
Establishment of Notable Wineries
By the second half of the 20th century, several well-known wineries had taken root in Corrales. These wineries helped rebuild the local economy and introduced wine tourism, attracting visitors to explore the Corrales Wine Loop.
Tasting rooms and vineyard tours allowed both locals and tourists to enjoy the region’s wines and learn about its history.
The Terroir of Corrales: Why the Land Is Perfect for Grapes
What makes Corrales such a great place for growing grapes? The secret lies in its terroir—the unique combination of soil, climate, and geography that affects how grapes grow.
The Rio Grande plays a huge role in shaping the land, providing rich soil and natural irrigation. The area’s warm days and cool nights help grapes develop the right balance of sugar and acidity, which enhances the flavor of the wine.
Certain grape varieties thrive in Corrales, including Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, and Syrah. These grapes not only grow well in the region but also produce high-quality wines that reflect the unique character of the land.
Nurturing Corrales’ Viticultural Heritage
The history of Corrales’ vineyards is one of hard work, adaptation, and a deep connection to the land. From Spanish settlers planting the first vines to today’s farmers keeping the tradition alive, each generation has contributed to its growth.
For farmers today, looking back at this history highlights the value of resilience and community support. By applying lessons from the past, they can continue producing quality grapes while preserving the legacy of those before them.
Corrales’ winemaking tradition is still evolving, and its future remains promising. With continued dedication, it will thrive for generations to come.